WEBVTT 1 00:00:01.280 --> 00:00:05.141 And I am going to change our view there. Okay. 2 00:00:05.272 --> 00:00:08.632 Welcome everybody to Library Dissertation Toolbox. 3 00:00:08.696 --> 00:00:13.080 Tonight's session is the Literature gap and future research. 4 00:00:13.200 --> 00:00:20.713 So one of those key components of finding your area of interest, your area to research, is finding that sort ... 5 00:00:20.713 --> 00:00:22.539 of gap in the literature. 6 00:00:22.760 --> 00:00:29.337 Because we all want to be contributing sort of an original voice and an original study to, to the existing ... 7 00:00:29.337 --> 00:00:30.590 body of literature. 8 00:00:30.828 --> 00:00:38.474 So we're going to talk about how to find existing literature gaps as well as calls for future research on ... 9 00:00:38.474 --> 00:00:40.532 a topic of interest to you. 10 00:00:41.220 --> 00:00:47.762 I think I know everybody already, but my name is Amanda Bezet and I am the Graduate Student Success Librarian ... 11 00:00:47.762 --> 00:00:49.518 here at National University. 12 00:00:50.020 --> 00:00:53.160 And I am a doctoral student as well. 13 00:00:53.540 --> 00:00:56.500 So I'm going to make sure. 14 00:00:56.620 --> 00:01:04.626 Looks like someone might be having trouble connecting to the audio, so I'm going to message them quickly just in ... 15 00:01:04.626 --> 00:01:05.059 case. 16 00:01:05.372 --> 00:01:09.988 Okay, no, let's see, one second. 17 00:01:10.044 --> 00:01:11.400 I'm just going to message. 18 00:01:24.150 --> 00:01:32.613 Okay. All right, so let me go ahead and share my screen and we will begin again. 19 00:01:32.774 --> 00:01:37.863 If there are questions as we go along tonight, please don't hesitate to ask. 20 00:01:38.310 --> 00:01:42.586 I'm just going to make sure that that recording actually did start. 21 00:01:43.350 --> 00:01:46.755 Can anybody see if that is record? Yeah, I think it's good. I think we're good. 22 00:01:46.854 --> 00:01:53.483 Okay, so tonight again, we are talking about finding a gap in the literature. 23 00:01:53.910 --> 00:01:56.078 So what actually is that? 24 00:01:56.214 --> 00:02:05.144 The gap is that missing piece or pieces in the research literature, the area that has not yet been explored ... 25 00:02:05.144 --> 00:02:06.997 or is under explored. 26 00:02:07.358 --> 00:02:14.984 And the gap will form the basis of your research question, which is the driving force of your dissertation. 27 00:02:15.168 --> 00:02:20.100 The gap could be a population or a sample. 28 00:02:20.520 --> 00:02:26.654 So in other words, it doesn't have to be this broad area that has never been studied. Right. 29 00:02:26.840 --> 00:02:31.877 Maybe it's something that just hasn't been studied with this specific population. 30 00:02:32.760 --> 00:02:37.066 The gap could also relate to a research methodology or design. 31 00:02:37.288 --> 00:02:44.836 Meaning like maybe all of the studies you've seen are qualitative and you are trying to do a quantitative study ... 32 00:02:44.836 --> 00:02:49.434 and contribute to the literature and body of knowledge in that way. 33 00:02:50.260 --> 00:02:56.441 Or you could use a different test instrument in order to measure that research. 34 00:02:57.860 --> 00:02:59.132 Let's see here. 35 00:02:59.316 --> 00:03:01.240 More folks are joining in. 36 00:03:02.660 --> 00:03:09.490 So that, that again, that gap could relate to the data collection or analysis, other research variables or conditions. 37 00:03:09.644 --> 00:03:12.927 So it doesn't have to be a huge sweeping gap. 38 00:03:13.100 --> 00:03:20.440 Right now there is a researcher who now runs sort of a for profit site. 39 00:03:20.632 --> 00:03:25.187 So I don't have the exact page anymore where I lifted this from originally. 40 00:03:25.344 --> 00:03:32.084 But this researcher said that to think about a gap as finding an edge to work on, I really like ... 41 00:03:32.084 --> 00:03:40.474 that description, find an edge to work on, take existing research and develop it further, improve upon it, answer open ... 42 00:03:40.474 --> 00:03:43.343 questions or take it in new directions. 43 00:03:44.370 --> 00:03:51.705 Now, when we talk about finding a gap in the literature, we do need to sort of do that exhaustive ... 44 00:03:51.705 --> 00:03:56.900 review of the literature to make sure that that gap actually exists. 45 00:03:57.210 --> 00:04:03.156 So the first guide that I'm going to take you to, I'm going to show you three resources for follow ... 46 00:04:03.156 --> 00:04:04.505 up with this session. 47 00:04:04.754 --> 00:04:12.125 If we go to the research process guide right here by clicking more, the first resource that I'm going to ... 48 00:04:12.125 --> 00:04:18.925 point you to is our guide under Resources for a Literature Review on Exhausting the literature. 49 00:04:19.800 --> 00:04:27.040 So we have to do a rather exhaustive search to see what exists, what is out there to know that ... 50 00:04:27.040 --> 00:04:34.046 there is definitely that gap or maybe just a simple call for future research in that area. 51 00:04:34.900 --> 00:04:37.900 So we have this guide on exhausting the literature. 52 00:04:37.980 --> 00:04:44.707 Different steps that you can take to ensure that you've done everything possible to try to find information on a ... 53 00:04:44.707 --> 00:04:45.798 particular topic. 54 00:04:46.260 --> 00:04:53.131 Now, while we are here in the research process, I also want to point out that we do have an ... 55 00:04:53.131 --> 00:04:57.407 actual guide on the literature gap and future research. 56 00:04:57.860 --> 00:05:01.533 So this guide will be a good follow up to this session. 57 00:05:02.090 --> 00:05:07.912 If you need any reminders of any of the content that we we covered, it's, it's a little bit more ... 58 00:05:07.912 --> 00:05:14.410 brief here, although there are some additional resources that we have on this guide that could be helpful. 59 00:05:14.722 --> 00:05:16.994 This first video is from Dr. 60 00:05:17.042 --> 00:05:19.122 Laurie Bedford of National University. 61 00:05:19.226 --> 00:05:22.599 And this is all about identifying a gap in the literature. 62 00:05:22.834 --> 00:05:30.691 And then there's also one provided by one of our databases, SAGE Research Methods about identifying gaps in the literature. 63 00:05:31.720 --> 00:05:37.885 So definitely feel free to check this out also while we are here. 64 00:05:38.680 --> 00:05:40.700 Let's see. I'm trying to find. 65 00:05:43.000 --> 00:05:48.810 There was one, I think it was just those that I wanted to point you to in that case. 66 00:05:49.000 --> 00:05:55.582 Okay, then there's examples at the bottom, but we are going to cover that all tonight and you will get ... 67 00:05:55.582 --> 00:05:58.450 these links as well in the follow up. Okay. 68 00:05:58.838 --> 00:06:06.145 So as we're thinking about the gap in the literature though and thinking about identifying those gaps, there are. 69 00:06:06.670 --> 00:06:13.990 While there are some concrete steps that we will take in the library to try to limit our results for ... 70 00:06:13.990 --> 00:06:20.940 articles to those that do call out a gap or do call out future research, we still need to begin ... 71 00:06:20.940 --> 00:06:29.370 by asking ourselves some questions such as are there areas of worthwhile study relating to your topic that have not ... 72 00:06:29.370 --> 00:06:31.958 been covered by other researchers? 73 00:06:32.466 --> 00:06:37.734 So we're asking ourselves this in the beginning, but then keeping these questions in the back of our mind as ... 74 00:06:37.734 --> 00:06:39.851 we're going through the literature, right? 75 00:06:40.250 --> 00:06:48.565 Are there relevant studies neglecting a particular type of evidence, meaning like a qualitative type of evidence or quantitative. 76 00:06:49.290 --> 00:06:56.594 Is there a relevant theoretical concept or framework that has not yet been applied to a topic? 77 00:06:56.816 --> 00:07:05.090 So in other words, maybe you're, you're researching a topic and every article you see ties that to critical race ... 78 00:07:05.090 --> 00:07:13.440 theory, whereas you want to kind of look at it from the perspective of intersectionality or something like that. 79 00:07:13.832 --> 00:07:18.220 So that would be your unique contribution. Right? 80 00:07:19.080 --> 00:07:27.992 One thing that we can do as we're familiarizing ourselves with existing literature that contains GAAP statements, is to think ... 81 00:07:27.992 --> 00:07:33.096 about what that terminology might be as we are looking at our articles. 82 00:07:33.376 --> 00:07:41.946 Okay, So I like this, I like this link because it does about what a gap statement might say as ... 83 00:07:41.946 --> 00:07:45.355 we come across it in the literature. 84 00:07:46.260 --> 00:07:51.612 Again, a gap is something that remains to be done or learned in an area of research. 85 00:07:51.748 --> 00:07:57.287 It's a gap in the knowledge of scientists in the field of research of your study. 86 00:07:57.508 --> 00:07:59.500 But this is where they present. 87 00:07:59.620 --> 00:08:02.013 I'm going to make this a little bigger for you all. 88 00:08:02.100 --> 00:08:07.106 This is where they present some of the terminology that you may see. 89 00:08:07.300 --> 00:08:11.260 So in other words, we're not always going to say c. 90 00:08:11.484 --> 00:08:17.721 Another researcher say, we did this study because we noticed there has been a gap in the literature. Right? 91 00:08:17.894 --> 00:08:26.567 They might not say that, but they could say that some, some type of research has not been studied, reported. 92 00:08:27.750 --> 00:08:30.782 More research is required or needed. 93 00:08:30.846 --> 00:08:37.772 The key question remains, it is poorly understood or it is unknown. 94 00:08:38.038 --> 00:08:41.220 There are a lack of studies in this area. 95 00:08:41.520 --> 00:08:43.895 It's important to address this. 96 00:08:44.048 --> 00:08:48.056 A better understanding will help or is needed. 97 00:08:48.168 --> 00:08:53.501 These are the types of phrases that you might see in the literature. 98 00:08:54.000 --> 00:09:02.558 Now, we could not possibly search for all of the different types of terminology that might compose a gap statement, ... 99 00:09:02.558 --> 00:09:09.014 but we are going to focus on searching for articles that do actually call out the gap. 100 00:09:09.900 --> 00:09:16.671 Okay, so before we do that, let's look at some examples of those gap statements. 101 00:09:16.868 --> 00:09:21.680 Okay, so this is an article, scholarly journal article. 102 00:09:22.060 --> 00:09:27.468 And we're sort of looking at information literacy as our topic here tonight. 103 00:09:27.700 --> 00:09:31.040 And so we have this article here. 104 00:09:31.650 --> 00:09:35.722 We're talking about again, information literacy. 105 00:09:35.866 --> 00:09:45.551 And we see here, right, in the abstract, there is relatively little research into the information literacy and behaviors of ... 106 00:09:45.551 --> 00:09:48.171 librarians and library students. 107 00:09:48.450 --> 00:09:56.185 That's interesting because we always study the other students, right, that are that the librarians are helping and we don't ... 108 00:09:56.185 --> 00:09:59.483 actually study the librarians information literacy. 109 00:09:59.690 --> 00:10:08.701 So this is sort of an interesting study, but right away it tells you that that gap exists, setting themselves ... 110 00:10:08.701 --> 00:10:12.623 up for bringing in that new knowledge. Right. 111 00:10:13.330 --> 00:10:15.274 Here's another example. 112 00:10:15.402 --> 00:10:21.434 Now that that gap may not necessarily always appear in the abstract. Right. 113 00:10:21.602 --> 00:10:23.488 There might be an introduction. 114 00:10:23.634 --> 00:10:29.683 In this case, I believe the gap is a little bit later. 115 00:10:29.948 --> 00:10:30.960 Let's see. 116 00:10:31.580 --> 00:10:34.345 This might not be the full text either. Let's see. 117 00:10:35.180 --> 00:10:41.011 This is motivational design and problem based learning increasing student engagement. 118 00:10:43.260 --> 00:10:47.427 Okay, so we have main results, we have a conclusion. 119 00:10:47.684 --> 00:10:51.092 This study focuses on the use of motivational design. 120 00:10:51.196 --> 00:10:59.660 It addresses a gap in the research literature as it explicitly examines issues of concern regarding the instruction of non ... 121 00:10:59.660 --> 00:11:01.200 traditional students. 122 00:11:02.280 --> 00:11:09.515 So they identified that non traditional students, as it relates to their topic, which seems to be information literacy, was ... 123 00:11:09.515 --> 00:11:10.345 understudied. 124 00:11:10.592 --> 00:11:14.872 So they flat out say that there was a gap in the research here. 125 00:11:15.400 --> 00:11:18.380 Remember, they might not all do that. 126 00:11:18.840 --> 00:11:27.056 And then we can look at how a doctoral student, in fact from our institution would also call out that ... 127 00:11:27.056 --> 00:11:27.467 gap. 128 00:11:27.776 --> 00:11:36.539 And often that will be in the introduction as well as maybe transferred over into that abstract as well. 129 00:11:36.792 --> 00:11:44.061 So here we can see from this abstract there currently exists a gap in the literature with how specifically academic ... 130 00:11:44.061 --> 00:11:51.394 entitlement behaviors affect the quality of adjunct instructor student relationship in a community college setting. 131 00:11:51.778 --> 00:11:56.911 So that doctoral student tells us right away what that gap is. 132 00:11:57.162 --> 00:12:03.747 And then later in the literature review, that's where you can really see all of the breakdown of what that ... 133 00:12:03.747 --> 00:12:05.064 literature entailed. 134 00:12:06.170 --> 00:12:12.487 Okay. And this is just one more example of a doctoral student using a gap statement. 135 00:12:12.746 --> 00:12:15.639 So I believe this one's in the abstract as well. 136 00:12:15.890 --> 00:12:24.413 To date, there has been no investigation of the social and environmental viewpoints of accountants. 137 00:12:25.240 --> 00:12:31.969 So not only they, they didn't just say there was a gap, they said there, there's basically been no studies. 138 00:12:32.288 --> 00:12:38.927 So that was clear to them that that need for this study existed. Right. 139 00:12:39.320 --> 00:12:42.484 So these are all the gap statements. 140 00:12:42.672 --> 00:12:50.643 Now if you are not naturally coming across these statements in the literature that you are seeing again, we're going ... 141 00:12:50.643 --> 00:12:55.912 to see how we can kind of trick the library into giving us that information. 142 00:12:57.140 --> 00:13:03.571 Okay, so we are going to use our navigator search here in the center of the screen and I'm going ... 143 00:13:03.571 --> 00:13:06.144 to click on our advanced search here. 144 00:13:10.430 --> 00:13:13.572 Okay, this is a little giant. Let me make that. 145 00:13:13.694 --> 00:13:15.126 Well, it should be fine. 146 00:13:15.238 --> 00:13:18.598 We'll see how, how our results are displayed. 147 00:13:18.774 --> 00:13:21.750 So we have our advanced search screen. 148 00:13:21.910 --> 00:13:27.709 Hopefully by this point you guys are getting a little bit more comfortable with the new look to the navigator ... 149 00:13:27.709 --> 00:13:28.138 search. 150 00:13:28.278 --> 00:13:32.399 If you're a brand new student, you did not have to negotiate those changes. 151 00:13:32.502 --> 00:13:35.890 But hopefully you guys are getting more comfortable here. 152 00:13:36.460 --> 00:13:40.934 Okay, so let's say my Topic again is information literacy. 153 00:13:41.156 --> 00:13:47.549 I'm going to look for that as an exact phrase with no other words in between by use of those ... 154 00:13:47.549 --> 00:13:48.743 quotation marks. 155 00:13:49.012 --> 00:13:51.156 So I have information literacy here. 156 00:13:51.228 --> 00:13:58.769 Maybe I'm really interested in information literacy as it relates to graduate students or maybe doctoral students. 157 00:13:58.988 --> 00:14:07.422 If I see those auto suggestions come up, I can certainly grab one of those auto suggestions for now, just ... 158 00:14:07.422 --> 00:14:14.802 to keep it more simple, I'm going to just go with graduate students and then I can put in my ... 159 00:14:14.802 --> 00:14:17.235 phrase gap in the literature. 160 00:14:18.380 --> 00:14:21.480 Sounds simple, but it can be effective. 161 00:14:22.140 --> 00:14:30.441 Now remember, this is very specific to have that phrase because remember we saw all those different ways that a ... 162 00:14:30.441 --> 00:14:36.025 researcher might say that more research is needed or that that gap exists. 163 00:14:36.396 --> 00:14:39.068 But we can start out with it this way. 164 00:14:39.204 --> 00:14:46.026 And typically what I will do anytime I start a search is I will change my fields to TX all ... 165 00:14:46.026 --> 00:14:46.486 text. 166 00:14:46.980 --> 00:14:54.273 That means that I'm searching for these terms across the full text of the documents versus just the title and ... 167 00:14:54.273 --> 00:14:56.704 the abstract and the subject terms. 168 00:14:57.300 --> 00:15:03.361 If I want that article to be peer reviewed, I can also select that. 169 00:15:03.556 --> 00:15:11.752 Now remember, if we're looking for evidence that a gap exists, we don't want to just limit it to that ... 170 00:15:11.752 --> 00:15:13.556 more recent research. 171 00:15:14.100 --> 00:15:19.222 Okay, so let's leave that date limiter off and press search. 172 00:15:19.484 --> 00:15:27.926 And because I'm searching so specifically for gap in the literature, I wouldn't expect to receive too many results. 173 00:15:28.380 --> 00:15:35.720 I'm actually sort of surprised that we have hundreds of results because remember, that's a pretty specific phrase to include. 174 00:15:35.720 --> 00:15:36.786 But that's great. 175 00:15:37.052 --> 00:15:43.589 We did get quite a number of results stating that there is a gap in the literature. 176 00:15:43.764 --> 00:15:50.815 Now, whether that gap relates to our more specific information literacy topic, I don't know. 177 00:15:50.996 --> 00:15:55.419 But all we can do is start scanning our results to see what is out there. 178 00:15:55.780 --> 00:16:02.481 Now, if you're trying to access the full text, remember now those access options are here. 179 00:16:02.628 --> 00:16:09.034 And if there is more than one access option, or in this case there is only a single access option ... 180 00:16:09.034 --> 00:16:10.902 which is interlibrary loan. 181 00:16:11.228 --> 00:16:16.339 But you'll see that drop down if there are more than one ways to access it. 182 00:16:16.564 --> 00:16:18.800 So let's go into one of these. 183 00:16:18.920 --> 00:16:21.300 I'll just click on online full text. 184 00:16:22.520 --> 00:16:28.386 And then typically what I will do, I'm not interested in reading this entire article right now. 185 00:16:28.584 --> 00:16:30.480 I'm going to skip to the gap. 186 00:16:30.560 --> 00:16:38.550 So I'm just going to use my browser tools to my browser seek function in order to look for the ... 187 00:16:38.550 --> 00:16:38.980 gap. 188 00:16:39.296 --> 00:16:43.719 So this is a gap between industry expectations and graduates. 189 00:16:43.856 --> 00:16:45.480 That's not what we're looking for. 190 00:16:45.640 --> 00:16:51.064 This is a skills gap gap in employment. 191 00:16:51.192 --> 00:16:58.360 But now we see this review identifies a gap in the literature and a lack of comprehensive studies combining and ... 192 00:16:58.360 --> 00:17:00.901 analyzing the results in this context. 193 00:17:01.096 --> 00:17:02.280 So what is the context? 194 00:17:02.360 --> 00:17:08.896 We would have to read a little bit further, but it does identify that. Watch. 195 00:17:09.760 --> 00:17:10.819 Oh, good. 196 00:17:11.610 --> 00:17:17.445 Oh, I'm going to ask everyone to be muted because we're hearing a lot of background noise. 197 00:17:18.170 --> 00:17:19.109 Okay. 198 00:17:20.490 --> 00:17:28.794 All right. So very quickly, we were able to craft a search that does identify articles that address a ... 199 00:17:28.794 --> 00:17:30.685 gap in the literature. 200 00:17:31.010 --> 00:17:35.231 We were pretty specific with that phrase gap in the literature. 201 00:17:35.474 --> 00:17:41.395 So I do want to show you one more technique that we can use to broaden this. Okay. ... 202 00:17:41.395 --> 00:17:41.895 Right. 203 00:17:42.094 --> 00:17:45.558 Now, again, we looked for an exact phrase. 204 00:17:45.734 --> 00:17:52.968 What we can do is we can break this up so that we are not insisting that the phrase be ... 205 00:17:52.968 --> 00:17:53.563 exact. 206 00:17:53.862 --> 00:18:02.131 Because what if the article instead says there's a research gap? Right? 207 00:18:02.398 --> 00:18:06.570 Or a gap in the research instead of a gap in the literature? 208 00:18:06.830 --> 00:18:10.645 What we can do is set up a proximity search. 209 00:18:10.876 --> 00:18:13.410 And I'm going to set this up, and then I'll. 210 00:18:13.564 --> 00:18:16.816 And some of you are familiar with my proximity searches. Right? 211 00:18:17.220 --> 00:18:20.516 But I'm going to set this up and then we will. 212 00:18:20.724 --> 00:18:22.360 I will explain it further. 213 00:18:24.180 --> 00:18:27.068 Okay, so this is called the proximity search. 214 00:18:27.164 --> 00:18:34.805 A proximity search looks for a word, a phrase, or a group of words near another word or phrase or ... 215 00:18:34.805 --> 00:18:36.078 group of words. 216 00:18:36.334 --> 00:18:40.044 So in this case, the first word that we have is just gap. 217 00:18:40.190 --> 00:18:47.787 We know we want gap, the capital letter N you can think of as near. Okay? 218 00:18:48.550 --> 00:18:55.190 So we're trying to get gap near in this case, either research or literature. 219 00:18:55.454 --> 00:18:59.153 So we're giving two choices now instead of just the one. 220 00:18:59.840 --> 00:19:07.730 So the three here is the proximity that these words have to be to one another. 221 00:19:08.016 --> 00:19:13.045 Now, I could have chosen two, I could have chosen 200, right? 222 00:19:13.184 --> 00:19:21.441 But I want them to be very close together, but not so close together that I don't allow for different ... 223 00:19:21.441 --> 00:19:27.386 sort of phrases that could naturally be stated to express that that gap. 224 00:19:27.762 --> 00:19:29.874 So now I can have the literature gap. 225 00:19:29.922 --> 00:19:31.282 I can have the gap in the literature. 226 00:19:31.346 --> 00:19:32.754 I can have the research gap. 227 00:19:32.802 --> 00:19:36.767 I can have a gap in the scholarly research, whatever it may be. 228 00:19:37.450 --> 00:19:42.336 Okay? This second part of the search is called nesting or a nested search. 229 00:19:42.546 --> 00:19:46.889 And so that's when I use this parentheses to give the database a choice. 230 00:19:47.450 --> 00:19:54.255 So now we would expect our results to increase because no longer are we. 231 00:19:55.050 --> 00:19:58.445 No longer are we stating that it has to be gap in the literature. 232 00:19:58.594 --> 00:20:01.682 Right now we have over 1000 results. 233 00:20:01.866 --> 00:20:11.238 When I am pretty high like that, that's when I will usually specify that these terms appear in the abstract ... 234 00:20:11.238 --> 00:20:12.653 of the article. 235 00:20:13.210 --> 00:20:19.182 Remember, the gap in the literature does not always make its way into the abstract. Right. 236 00:20:19.304 --> 00:20:25.327 So I'm not going to insist, like I've done in these top two lines, that the gap part has to ... 237 00:20:25.327 --> 00:20:26.666 be in the abstract. 238 00:20:26.880 --> 00:20:28.736 That's not what I need. 239 00:20:28.808 --> 00:20:30.800 I just need it somewhere. Right. 240 00:20:30.920 --> 00:20:33.620 So I'm going to update my search. 241 00:20:34.200 --> 00:20:37.712 And now we're down to just four. 242 00:20:37.896 --> 00:20:43.011 Remember, we look specifically for graduate students along with information literacy. 243 00:20:43.136 --> 00:20:45.568 So I really think that's what's limiting us. 244 00:20:45.704 --> 00:20:53.874 I just wanted to show you that second technique utilizing that proximity operator, the N3, to broaden it. 245 00:20:54.056 --> 00:20:56.971 We broadened it, but then we went way back more narrow. 246 00:20:57.152 --> 00:21:05.148 Okay, so any questions about searching for the gaps in the literature before we move on to talking about future ... 247 00:21:05.148 --> 00:21:06.674 research statements? 248 00:21:12.370 --> 00:21:18.143 Again, if you think of something, please don't hesitate to unmute or put that question in the chat. 249 00:21:18.346 --> 00:21:20.074 Amanda, this is Tanya. 250 00:21:20.202 --> 00:21:21.390 Hi, Tanya. 251 00:21:21.730 --> 00:21:25.697 So we, I say we identify what it says, gaps in the, in the literature. 252 00:21:25.802 --> 00:21:30.446 How can we be confident that it's still a gap that no one else is researching? 253 00:21:30.698 --> 00:21:31.850 That's a great question. 254 00:21:31.970 --> 00:21:38.922 So let's say, Tanya, you identified an article from 2018 that said it was a gap. Right. 255 00:21:39.186 --> 00:21:40.714 Well, you would want to take. 256 00:21:40.802 --> 00:21:42.714 Let's, let's find one of these. 257 00:21:42.882 --> 00:21:45.030 This is from 2017. 258 00:21:45.650 --> 00:21:54.398 So let's say they identified a gap in the research behaviors related to these engineering students to help ensure that ... 259 00:21:54.398 --> 00:21:54.772 you. 260 00:21:55.026 --> 00:21:58.814 To help kind of verify that that gap still exists. 261 00:21:59.050 --> 00:22:05.637 What I recommend doing is checking the citing sources for this article. 262 00:22:06.110 --> 00:22:10.133 So in other words, we would take this article out. 263 00:22:10.302 --> 00:22:12.102 Trying to just get the title here. 264 00:22:12.206 --> 00:22:15.757 I feel like it was easier in the older navigator search. Okay. 265 00:22:15.862 --> 00:22:21.772 So I'm going to grab that title and go into our Google Scholar and press search. 266 00:22:21.958 --> 00:22:29.872 And so since 2017, only 18 other researchers referred back to this, meaning that. 267 00:22:30.520 --> 00:22:32.752 So they said there was a gap. Right. 268 00:22:32.776 --> 00:22:36.825 And this is just pretend because we don't know what kind of gap they said. 269 00:22:36.920 --> 00:22:43.618 But if they said it was a gap and then these 18 other researchers studied kind of the same thing, ... 270 00:22:43.618 --> 00:22:48.990 we want to make sure that they didn't just immediately fill that gap. Right. 271 00:22:49.320 --> 00:22:51.440 And that that gap still exists. 272 00:22:51.600 --> 00:22:55.685 So I would say that this is the best method to do that. 273 00:22:55.800 --> 00:23:03.386 Of course, of course you're still going to make sure that you are searching, you know, sort of exhaustively in ... 274 00:23:03.386 --> 00:23:04.290 the library. 275 00:23:04.510 --> 00:23:12.112 But I would say that if, if these people said there's a gap and then none of these researchers filled ... 276 00:23:12.112 --> 00:23:15.457 that gap, you're probably on the safe side. 277 00:23:16.310 --> 00:23:21.828 But all research is like subjective because everybody searches differently. 278 00:23:21.966 --> 00:23:29.121 There's no way to uncover probably every single thing written about a topic ever. 279 00:23:29.590 --> 00:23:37.218 So there is going to be some of that uncertainty, always with some researcher, with research, period. 280 00:23:37.382 --> 00:23:42.940 But I think this, you would be well on your way to making sure that gap still exists. 281 00:23:43.118 --> 00:23:44.510 Okay, thank you. 282 00:23:44.630 --> 00:23:45.850 That's a great question. 283 00:23:47.830 --> 00:23:49.330 Any other questions? 284 00:23:52.020 --> 00:24:03.500 Okay, let's go back to the library's guide on the literature gap in future research and then we'll talk about ... 285 00:24:03.500 --> 00:24:05.095 the calls for. 286 00:24:05.444 --> 00:24:08.793 Let's see, does it lump that all in together here? 287 00:24:08.980 --> 00:24:11.836 Let's see a gap in the literature. 288 00:24:11.948 --> 00:24:13.680 How do you identify gaps? 289 00:24:15.390 --> 00:24:19.476 I guess we don't specifically talk about future research here. 290 00:24:19.646 --> 00:24:24.590 We do show an example here, but I want to address the future research specifically. 291 00:24:26.030 --> 00:24:34.199 Calls for future research are different than a literature gap because a call for. It's similar. Right? 292 00:24:34.334 --> 00:24:45.230 It's similar, but in future research statements, these are statements where a researcher points out future or additional research areas ... 293 00:24:45.230 --> 00:24:49.377 based on their own findings of a particular study. 294 00:24:50.240 --> 00:24:57.931 These are typically found in the discussion or future research sections of the article. 295 00:24:58.800 --> 00:25:03.429 And again, this is similar to the gap in the literature. 296 00:25:03.576 --> 00:25:07.593 However, these future research statements come from this single study. Right. 297 00:25:07.754 --> 00:25:09.938 Rather than an exhaustive search. 298 00:25:10.114 --> 00:25:14.202 So you will still need to check and make sure that those. 299 00:25:14.362 --> 00:25:23.172 Just like Tanya's last question, you'll want to make sure that that call for research that a particular article might ... 300 00:25:23.172 --> 00:25:27.882 be putting out hasn't been filled already or answered already. 301 00:25:28.730 --> 00:25:35.890 The terminology is more straightforward with the future research statements than it can be with the gaps statements. 302 00:25:36.016 --> 00:25:38.512 Remember, we saw that terminology was sort of. 303 00:25:38.616 --> 00:25:42.471 It could vary a lot when it comes to future research. 304 00:25:42.632 --> 00:25:44.704 It's a little bit more cut and dry. 305 00:25:44.832 --> 00:25:50.512 It's just calling for future or further research or further studies, something like that. 306 00:25:50.648 --> 00:25:54.149 So let's see a couple of examples of that as well. 307 00:25:56.200 --> 00:26:03.287 So here we have a scholarly journal article about being information literate. 308 00:26:03.740 --> 00:26:10.515 And I think I'm just going to go down to the conclusions for this one. 309 00:26:10.796 --> 00:26:17.498 Typically, you're going to look for a full fledged future research section. 310 00:26:17.764 --> 00:26:23.555 Not all articles will have future research sections, and sometimes they will include them. 311 00:26:23.660 --> 00:26:27.432 I think our next example shows that sometimes they're included. 312 00:26:27.556 --> 00:26:32.420 Any limitations or implications section as well. 313 00:26:33.120 --> 00:26:36.180 Okay, so here we have. 314 00:26:40.000 --> 00:26:42.845 Let me see. I'm going to use my browser tool again. 315 00:26:43.440 --> 00:26:51.860 Okay, where are we? 316 00:26:52.400 --> 00:26:58.854 Okay. This could be the basis of a future research effort comparing two sections of the course. 317 00:26:59.096 --> 00:27:05.169 One in which the students are told that their assessments would not count towards their grade and the other told ... 318 00:27:05.169 --> 00:27:07.740 that it would contribute to their final grade. 319 00:27:08.670 --> 00:27:13.643 Let's see. So that is the future research that they are calling for in this article. 320 00:27:13.806 --> 00:27:16.130 Let's look at another one as well. 321 00:27:16.830 --> 00:27:23.199 This one may have an entire future research section which is not uncommon. 322 00:27:23.478 --> 00:27:28.841 So we have our discussion and conclusion reading and interpreting information. 323 00:27:29.530 --> 00:27:31.922 So that's broken down by topic there. 324 00:27:31.946 --> 00:27:35.510 And then we have our research limitations, implications. 325 00:27:38.090 --> 00:27:47.289 Let's see here might be in the limitations and implications because when you think about it, if a researcher has ... 326 00:27:47.289 --> 00:27:56.323 called out on themselves, which we all have to do any limitations of that study, oftentimes that ties into how ... 327 00:27:56.323 --> 00:28:00.715 you could better do that study in the future. Right. 328 00:28:02.470 --> 00:28:12.423 So this says adopting mixed methods, including surveys and interviews could perhaps gather a broader picture of users searching perceptions ... 329 00:28:12.423 --> 00:28:13.505 and behaviors. 330 00:28:14.070 --> 00:28:20.603 So a mixed method study is basically what they are they are mentioning as future research. 331 00:28:20.828 --> 00:28:28.874 It also says future studies can investigate whether there are any differences between these two groups of students searching, reading ... 332 00:28:28.874 --> 00:28:30.398 or evaluating behaviors. 333 00:28:30.940 --> 00:28:35.972 So that seems like more of a quantitative study comparing those two groups. 334 00:28:37.100 --> 00:28:47.173 Let's look at some doctoral students dissertations to see where you're going to talk about your own potential directions and ... 335 00:28:47.173 --> 00:28:49.876 future research recommendations. 336 00:28:50.700 --> 00:28:57.370 So we'll look at our table of contents here to see where that student has placed that. Let's see. 337 00:28:57.564 --> 00:29:02.879 And will depend on if you're doing that five chapter dissertation or that three section dissertation. 338 00:29:02.996 --> 00:29:05.014 But it is definitely going to be at the end. 339 00:29:05.180 --> 00:29:08.240 So we have potential directions for future research. 340 00:29:08.620 --> 00:29:09.920 2, 13. 341 00:29:10.860 --> 00:29:15.584 So we would just need to scan up to that. See here. 342 00:29:16.710 --> 00:29:20.192 So here we have our potential directions for future research. 343 00:29:21.990 --> 00:29:29.437 First, regarding assessment, the findings of this qualitative study could be used as the first phase in a mixed method ... 344 00:29:29.437 --> 00:29:29.882 study. 345 00:29:30.470 --> 00:29:34.130 Very common future research statement tab. 346 00:29:35.350 --> 00:29:40.054 Let's see. And they, I think they do go on from there and we'll just look at one more ... 347 00:29:40.054 --> 00:29:43.153 example and then we'll get jump back into our searching. 348 00:29:43.740 --> 00:29:45.120 Let's see here. 349 00:29:50.140 --> 00:29:58.834 All right. Oh, this is about embedded librarianship and we have recommendations for future research on 93. 350 00:29:58.988 --> 00:30:04.142 This is a short, short dissertation or it might be a. 351 00:30:05.180 --> 00:30:06.920 Yeah, it is a dissertation. 352 00:30:08.410 --> 00:30:09.470 Take a look. 353 00:30:14.810 --> 00:30:15.750 Okay. 354 00:30:18.570 --> 00:30:20.830 Recommendations for future research. 355 00:30:26.890 --> 00:30:34.523 The recommendations for future research are in the areas of extending the time frame of the study, including qualitative components ... 356 00:30:34.523 --> 00:30:40.923 and collaborating and building partnerships to connect library use and interaction analytics to student data. 357 00:30:41.880 --> 00:30:48.217 So their future research statements relate to methodology design and data collection here. 358 00:30:48.424 --> 00:30:57.946 Okay, so we've seen now a few examples of those future research statements and we'll go back into our navigator ... 359 00:30:57.946 --> 00:30:58.638 search. 360 00:30:58.976 --> 00:31:05.967 I'll click on advanced search again so we can modify this so that we're looking for articles that do make ... 361 00:31:05.967 --> 00:31:08.185 those calls for future research. 362 00:31:09.100 --> 00:31:16.061 And so I'm going to get rid of our gap search string there and instead I'm going to say future ... 363 00:31:16.061 --> 00:31:16.810 research. 364 00:31:18.620 --> 00:31:25.627 Okay, we'll use the quotations so we look for that as an exact phrase and then we will press search ... 365 00:31:25.627 --> 00:31:26.056 here. 366 00:31:27.540 --> 00:31:30.440 Okay, we have just 20 results. 367 00:31:30.820 --> 00:31:38.010 Remember, we did end up putting information literacy and graduate students in the abstract, which is why we're down to ... 368 00:31:38.010 --> 00:31:40.161 so few results here. That's okay. 369 00:31:40.332 --> 00:31:46.196 Let's just take a look at our first one and see, you know, where it talks about that future research ... 370 00:31:46.196 --> 00:31:47.973 just to make sure we've done. 371 00:31:48.196 --> 00:31:49.960 We've done this right. Right. 372 00:31:50.260 --> 00:31:53.516 This one looks like AI is involved. 373 00:31:53.628 --> 00:32:00.267 I will navigate on the right hand side of the scre just to see what sections are available. 374 00:32:00.800 --> 00:32:02.056 Let's see here. 375 00:32:02.208 --> 00:32:06.840 Limitations of the study results and discussion. 376 00:32:06.920 --> 00:32:11.064 So I don't see specifically a future research section. 377 00:32:11.192 --> 00:32:17.444 I'm going to guess and say that limitations might have something related to future research. 378 00:32:17.616 --> 00:32:24.695 But if not, we'll do a search within the document to see here we have future studies will determine if ... 379 00:32:24.695 --> 00:32:33.527 new versions of Gen AI generative AI tools will produce content that more closely reaches graduate student student standards of ... 380 00:32:33.527 --> 00:32:35.069 information literacy. 381 00:32:37.290 --> 00:32:44.470 Let's see, there's a sustainable knowledge gap. 382 00:32:46.490 --> 00:32:49.470 This is all about ChatGPT, it looks like. 383 00:32:52.220 --> 00:32:54.548 Okay, so that might have been it. 384 00:32:54.604 --> 00:33:01.691 But you can always do a search in the literature just to see where in in the article itself for ... 385 00:33:01.691 --> 00:33:03.049 that word future. 386 00:33:04.940 --> 00:33:10.662 Okay, let's look at how to expand this a little bit just like we did for this gap statements. 387 00:33:10.852 --> 00:33:15.147 Right now we're specifically looking for future research as an exact phrase. 388 00:33:15.252 --> 00:33:18.430 But remember we talked about how it could save further research. 389 00:33:18.780 --> 00:33:21.680 It could say further studies. Right. 390 00:33:22.700 --> 00:33:27.676 So to do that we're going to break out that exact phrase. 391 00:33:27.892 --> 00:33:32.071 We're going to do a nest for future or further. 392 00:33:33.340 --> 00:33:37.120 No, fix my spelling there. 393 00:33:38.060 --> 00:33:40.520 We need that proximity operator. 394 00:33:41.580 --> 00:33:46.827 And then we're going to do a nest for research or studies. 395 00:33:47.094 --> 00:33:58.344 Okay, so now I can be looking for future research, future studies, further research, further studies or alternatively research in ... 396 00:33:58.344 --> 00:34:06.958 the future or studies in the future or studies by future researchers, whatever it is that it says. 397 00:34:07.406 --> 00:34:14.110 Now I can pull in those different options with this proximity using these two nests on either side. 398 00:34:14.314 --> 00:34:17.266 Okay, so let's see what happens to our results. 399 00:34:17.338 --> 00:34:22.353 We had 20 before and now we've gone up to 84. 400 00:34:22.618 --> 00:34:24.338 Still sort of a reasonable number. 401 00:34:24.394 --> 00:34:27.934 But you'll probably narrow that down a bit as you are searching. 402 00:34:29.050 --> 00:34:33.917 Probably you Might add additional terms more specific to your topic. 403 00:34:34.410 --> 00:34:40.170 So if I go into my access options, I'll just take a look here and we'll. We'll see. 404 00:34:40.359 --> 00:34:41.887 This is the same one, isn't it? 405 00:34:41.943 --> 00:34:43.454 That's the same one we looked at before. 406 00:34:43.527 --> 00:34:44.938 I'll look at something different. 407 00:34:54.359 --> 00:34:56.379 A lot of AI stuff. Right? 408 00:34:56.999 --> 00:34:58.015 Let's see. 409 00:34:58.167 --> 00:35:00.019 Case study in meteorology. 410 00:35:00.919 --> 00:35:04.504 Okay, let's look at this one just as an example. 411 00:35:09.170 --> 00:35:13.539 All right, I'm just going to seek and find for this, and I'm going to look for future. 412 00:35:16.370 --> 00:35:17.910 That's future performance. 413 00:35:18.690 --> 00:35:21.178 Okay. That's the only instance of future. 414 00:35:21.234 --> 00:35:23.906 So I'm going to look for further because I know it has one of them. 415 00:35:24.018 --> 00:35:26.858 Further confirmatory factor analysis. 416 00:35:27.034 --> 00:35:29.738 Furthermore, further reading. 417 00:35:29.914 --> 00:35:31.660 Furthermore, further. 418 00:35:33.240 --> 00:35:34.780 That must have been it. 419 00:35:35.160 --> 00:35:38.540 So I'll go back to the future. 420 00:35:40.200 --> 00:35:45.003 Now, remember, with that proximity, we have up to three words in between those other words. 421 00:35:45.168 --> 00:35:51.658 So the reason why this one came up, it was whose studies and future performance. 422 00:35:52.280 --> 00:35:59.610 So that's why that one was coming up in our results, even though it doesn't specifically refer to future research. 423 00:36:00.300 --> 00:36:07.930 Okay, but we would continue looking through to try to identify those calls for future research that can be crucial ... 424 00:36:07.930 --> 00:36:14.683 to some of you, especially if your chair is insistent that you do find an article that is calling for ... 425 00:36:14.683 --> 00:36:17.249 future research in a particular area. 426 00:36:18.300 --> 00:36:25.315 Okay, so we have looked at how to search for future research statements as well as GAAP statements in the ... 427 00:36:25.315 --> 00:36:26.125 literature. 428 00:36:26.340 --> 00:36:33.753 We've looked at examples of them in both schools, scholarly journal articles, and in our doctoral dissertations. 429 00:36:34.480 --> 00:36:42.449 And we've talked about the terminology that we might see for one of these types of searches. 430 00:36:42.728 --> 00:36:49.578 So what remaining questions do we have about finding that gap within the literature? 431 00:36:53.280 --> 00:36:58.949 Anybody think of any questions about anything we've seen or anything that's been on your mind? 432 00:37:05.310 --> 00:37:07.046 Amanda, this is tan here again. 433 00:37:07.118 --> 00:37:15.000 One of the things that I'm running into is the citations is giving me a high turn it in count. 434 00:37:18.110 --> 00:37:19.730 I don't like turn it in. 435 00:37:21.960 --> 00:37:23.248 Yeah, I get you. 436 00:37:23.304 --> 00:37:25.660 That happens to me all the time, too. 437 00:37:26.600 --> 00:37:30.779 How do we get it but keep it at least below the 20%? 438 00:37:33.320 --> 00:37:37.980 I honestly don't know because my papers are like 40 or 50% sometimes. 439 00:37:38.144 --> 00:37:40.020 And it's all because of the citations. 440 00:37:40.520 --> 00:37:42.336 It's all because of citations. 441 00:37:42.528 --> 00:37:50.686 The professors actually can turn off that check feature where it does not bring in your citations. 442 00:37:51.590 --> 00:37:59.873 Otherwise, I have honestly, and I hope this never happens to you, I have had to create a video of ... 443 00:37:59.873 --> 00:38:09.278 myself opening up the Turnitin report and showing what each check was for and showing that it was Just pulling ... 444 00:38:09.278 --> 00:38:10.744 those citations. 445 00:38:12.150 --> 00:38:14.318 So I don't will that on you. 446 00:38:14.374 --> 00:38:17.016 Hopefully that does not happen to anybody here. 447 00:38:17.198 --> 00:38:22.324 But just saying, I'm a librarian. 448 00:38:22.372 --> 00:38:23.796 I'm absolutely not. 449 00:38:23.868 --> 00:38:27.332 Plagiarizing was not enough in that case. Right. 450 00:38:27.516 --> 00:38:29.640 I had to have the video evidence. 451 00:38:30.540 --> 00:38:40.469 So unfortunately, I can tell you it does get better because by the time you get into your GIS courses, ... 452 00:38:40.469 --> 00:38:50.103 you are regurgitating recycling, moving around stuff you've already written on your topic. Right. 453 00:38:50.534 --> 00:38:51.678 And at that point, your. 454 00:38:51.734 --> 00:38:55.462 Your chair is very understanding that that is going on. 455 00:38:56.070 --> 00:38:58.270 Okay, I. 456 00:38:58.310 --> 00:39:01.294 I'm in my class now, and. 457 00:39:01.382 --> 00:39:02.810 Okay, chair. 458 00:39:03.110 --> 00:39:07.900 That's the thing that she's harping on, is your chair is okay. Yeah. 459 00:39:08.640 --> 00:39:10.120 But isn't it? 460 00:39:10.160 --> 00:39:16.182 Because you've written that before and then it's the citation. 461 00:39:16.440 --> 00:39:18.376 I've gone in, rewritten. 462 00:39:18.488 --> 00:39:21.560 The citations are what's getting me. And I. 463 00:39:21.600 --> 00:39:28.977 And this last assignment, I pulled new citations, and they still were over 20% because other people are using them. 464 00:39:28.977 --> 00:39:29.365 Yeah. 465 00:39:29.640 --> 00:39:37.273 So, I mean, I can't tell you how your chair would react, but I did, you know, what I would ... 466 00:39:37.273 --> 00:39:42.076 say, can we meet so we can go over this turnitin report? 467 00:39:42.422 --> 00:39:49.739 Because on my end, I'm seeing that it's my references and that there's nothing wrong with them. Okay. ... 468 00:39:49.739 --> 00:39:50.958 You know. Okay. 469 00:39:51.246 --> 00:39:56.293 So, yeah, that's actually kind of surprising to me because that's. 470 00:39:57.270 --> 00:39:59.962 I thought when you're at that point, you know, they. 471 00:40:00.102 --> 00:40:04.198 They were understanding a little bit more understanding of that. 472 00:40:04.286 --> 00:40:06.570 So I'm sorry you're dealing with that, Tanya. 473 00:40:06.990 --> 00:40:08.934 No problem at all. Yep. 474 00:40:09.062 --> 00:40:15.461 Hopefully I'll make a note so I can get some time within the next couple of weeks. Yeah. ... 475 00:40:15.461 --> 00:40:17.546 Yeah. Okay. Thanks. Yeah. 476 00:40:20.590 --> 00:40:26.395 Any other questions about anything we've seen or anything related to the library that's been on your mind? 477 00:40:35.000 --> 00:40:44.103 All right, well, I will wrap this up, and if you have any outstanding questions, definitely don't feel. 478 00:40:44.376 --> 00:40:47.248 Definitely feel free to follow up with me. 479 00:40:47.384 --> 00:40:54.280 If you did not register for this session and you just entered in, if I did not have your full ... 480 00:40:54.280 --> 00:40:58.329 name, then I won't be able to email you the recording. 481 00:40:58.602 --> 00:41:05.921 If that happens and you don't get the recording from me tonight, then definitely feel free to just contact the ... 482 00:41:05.921 --> 00:41:09.748 library and I will make sure that you get that recording. 483 00:41:11.650 --> 00:41:14.074 Thank you, everybody, for joining in tonight. 484 00:41:14.122 --> 00:41:15.642 I hope that this was helpful. 485 00:41:15.706 --> 00:41:20.733 Good luck in your assignments this week, and I hope to see you in the next session. 486 00:41:20.922 --> 00:41:23.909 Thank you so much. Thank you, guys. Good night.